
Anderson, Perry, Considerations on Western Marxism ( London: Verso, 1976), remains a brilliant general conspectus. Together, Gruber, Helmut, International Communism in the Era of Lenin: A Documentary History ( New York: Anchor Books, 1972), and Jacobson, Jon, When the Soviet Union Entered World Politics ( Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994), are an excellent introduction. Mishra, Pankaj, From the Ruins of Empire: The Revolt Against the West and the Remaking of Asia ( New York: Picador, 2012), surveys the global moment of anti-colonial rebellion in 1919. ( Leiden: Brill, 1990), offer comprehensive coverage.


Global dimensions are treated by Anderson, Kevin B., Marx at the Margins: On Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Non-Western Societies ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010), while van der Linden, Marcel and Rojahn, Jürgen (eds.), The Formation of Labour Movements 1870–1914: An International Perspective, 2 vols. For the general context, see Joll, James, The Second International 1889–1914 ( New York: Routledge, 1966). For French socialism, see Stuart, Robert, Marxism at Work: Ideology, Class and French Socialism During the Third Republic ( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992). (eds.), Marxism and Social Democracy: The Revisionist Debate 1896–1898 ( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988). For the debates among German Social Democrats, see Geary, Dick, Karl Kautsky ( Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1987) Gay, Peter, The Dilemmas of Democratic Socialism: Eduard Bernstein’s Challenge to Marx ( New York: Columbia University Press, 1952) and Tudor, Henry and Tudor, J.
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II, Classical Marxism, 1850–1895 ( Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1984), and several of the essays in Hobsbawm, Eric, How to Change the World: Reflections on Marx and Marxism ( New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011), especially the following: “Marx, Engels and Politics” (48–88) “On the Communist Manifesto” (101–20) “The Fortunes of Marx’s and Engels’ Writings” (176–96) and “The Influence of Marxism 1889–1914” (211–60). For the political thinking of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their own time, see Lichtheim, George, Marxism: An Historical and Critical Study ( London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1961), along with Hunt, Richard N., The Political Ideas of Marx and Engels, vol. The opening chapters of Brown, Archie, The Rise and Fall of Communism ( London: Bodley Head, 2009), 9– 39, and Priestland, David, The Red Flag: A History of Communism ( New York: Grove Press, 2009), 16– 102, provide helpful introductions.
